Indledning
Vi havde igennem vores praktikophold på Kids Care Children’s Welfare Association observeret forskellige situationer, som tilsammen skabte en lyst til at dele vores faglige viden og erfaring med resten af personalet. Vi havde været meget fokuseret på, at skabe et gensidigt forhold mellem os og vores kollegaer. Dog havde vi svært ved, at finde den rigtige indgangsvinkel, til at formidlede hvilket problemstillinger vi så i hverdagen og hvorledes vi mente de kunne håndteres anderledes. Efter supervision med vores kontaktperson fra seminariet, blev vi i samarbejde med ledelsen på Kids Care, enige om at afholde møder, hvor vi ville holde oplæg omkring nedenstående faglige problemstillinger. Herunder ville vi inddrage personalet og få deres meninger, holdninger og observationer ud i lyset og dermed få skabt en gensidig dialog med udvikling i fokus.
Vi ønskede, at vi skulle dele vores erfaringer og ville skabe et rum hvor dette kunne leves ud.
Rummet var på 4kvm, med plads til et rundt bord, en bænk og nogle stole. Til hvert møde var der en oversætter (engelsk – amharisk), fra 5 til 7 plejere og os 2 studerende som tovholdere. Til de første 4 møder havde vi ligeledes et lille barn med i rummet, som skulle hjælpe os til at visualiser emnet.
Emnerne til vores 1. møde havde vi valgt og emnerne til 2. møde ønskede vi at skabe i fællesskab med vores kollegaer. 1. møde afholdte vi 7 gange og 2. møde afholdte vi 5 gange. Vi ville gerne afholde flere møder, men pga. skiftehold var vi nødt til at afholde de samme møder mange gange og ofte blev de udsat pga. tidspres og mangel på oversætter.
Mødernes varighed: 1 time til 1 time og 15 minutter.
Ligeledes prioterede vi i vores møder, at fortælle at vi påskønnede dem, som personale og kollegaer, samt at takke dem for deres modtagelse af os. I det følgende er indlagt vores møder, samt en kort beskrivelse af hvordan de foregik. Grundet validiteten, har vi valgt, at sætte møderne ind på engelsk, som var det sprog vi fremlagde på.
1st. meeting
Hallo, and thank you for coming here today. First will we say thank you, to you, because you have welcomed us with opens arms, when we first came at Kids Care.
We have now 3 weeks left at Kids Care. Our last day at Kids Care will be the 19th of December.
We are all here today, because Maria and I want to share some thoughts with you….
We are the kids most important person in their life. The kids at the orphanage, have yet, no parents. Therefore are we the most important person in their life.
It is our job to create the best possible life for the kids, while they are in our care.
Now Maria will tell about how and why the early eye-contact is so important for the child.
Sight – Development
Infants can see around 25-30 cm. That is more or less from the mothers’ breast to her face. From the beginning of the infants life is sees the world in 2 pictures – This means that each eye functions individually and if you were an infant you would experience it by seeing 2 of me right now. It is important that the child learns to see 1 picture instead of 2 – If this doesn’t happen it will eventually start to suppress the one eye and only use one, which will overload the one eye.
The caretakers of the child can prevent this by stimulating the child – This by holding the child and speak to it until the child finds eye-contact. When you and the child have eye-contact, you can speak to it in a calm voice where you also use your face mimic. This is to keep the child focused. You can also make the same face movements as the child. Just like a mirror.
This will help the child to use both its eyes, but there are also a lot of other reasons to stimulate the child, which we will come back to later.
I´m telling you this because investigation has shown that children who has grown up at an orphanage often has these issues with their eyes – Therefore is it especially important for all of us, as the adults in the children’s lives, to stimulate the children.
Exercise – I am telling a story about a positive relation I had with a child and am requesting that they do the same.
Self – esteem
Stimulation are able to raise the children self-confidence, because though stimulation the children feel, what somebody react on them. It does, what the children feel, what they are important.
Social – Development
Stimulation can also be a part of that the child can get a better social life later on in their lives – This because they learn to interact with other humans.
Children can create social relations with a lot of different partners like mothers, fathers, grandparents, siblings, friends, teachers ect. The first relation in the life of the child is essential because it functions as the prototype for emotional relations later on in their lives.
It is therefore important that we as the most important persons in the life of the child, creates a positive relation to the children, so they can develop into social human-beings.
It is also important that we support and guides the children to create positive relations amongst themselves – You can do this by turning them face to face, so they are looking at each other and maybe create a game so they have that in common.
Health – Development
Stimulation and daily contact are able to raise the child’s health. If no contact, the child will close off and maybe stop eaten.
Brain – Development
Stimulation of the child is a part of the development of the brain development of the child + it can help to improve their ability to learn later in their lives.
Experience and knowledge is gathered in the brain and our possibilities to act are controlled from this area. The brain contains that we have learnt and what possibilities we have to learn.
The development of the child is step by step – From sitting to crawling to walk with support and then walk, but the brain is different. But the brain is different! The brain needs stimulation so it can develop and mature, so it can become better at remembering and learn.
If nothing happens the brain will simply start to get bored.
Now we want to ask, if you have any questions? What do you think about this meeting?
Have you thought about these things before? -If yes…. what have you been thinking?
We are going to have this kind of meeting again. Do you have any idea to the next meetings subject?
Forløb: Ovenstående emner er valgt på baggrund af situationer observeret i dagligdagen. F.eks. ønskede vi, at dele vores faglige baggrundsviden med hensyn til hvorfor den tidlige øjenkontakt er essentiel for et barns udvikling, samt vigtigheden af stimulation. Vi forsøgte, at formidle emnerne således, at det ville blive muligt for plejerne, at overføre teori til praksis. Dette bl.a. ved at komme med eksempler vedr. børnene i dagligdagen, samt at skabe mulighed for, at plejerne kunne komme med eksempler. Ligeledes, ønskede vi, at skabe en visuel effekt i form af et lille barn, for at illustrere hvorledes teorien kan bruges i praksis. Vi oplevede dog, at der igennem hele mødet blev fokuseret meget på barnet og at plejerne mistede koncentrationen. Denne reaktion er naturlig og derfor, valgte vi, at de sidste 3 møder skulle foregå med et imaginært barn, så vi kunne se hvorledes et møde ellers kunne foregå.
Plejerne sagde, at de gav denne øjenkontakt til børnene, men at de ikke havde alle de bagved liggende tanker og faglig viden, som vi havde fortalt om. Ellers fik vi feed back så som: ”Jeg ville ønske jeg havde vidst det her til mine egne børn”, ”Jeg vil gå ind og øve mig”, ”Jeg har med de store børn at gøre, så jeg har ikke noget at sige” o.l. Vi observerede, at plejerne ofte fortalte generelt om børn, da de blev bedt om at fortælle om en personlig historie, så som ”Når børn er i den alder kan de det og det”. Ofte havde plejerne svært ved at dele personlige oplevelser de havde haft med børnene på børnehjemmet – især med et konkret eksempel på en positiv relation. I Etiopien har vi ofte observeret, at der i mange sammenhænge, ikke bliver stillet spørgsmål ved hvorledes tingene har fungeret hidtil og ligeledes bliver der ikke stillet krav til refleksion, samt til det at tænke selvstændigt. Dette kan være medvirkende til, at det kan være svært at sætte ord på sine oplevelser.
Der var stor forskel på hvorledes møderne foregik alt afhængig af hvilke plejere der deltog. Nogle tog notater og nikkede bekræftende, andre lyttede og andre igen skrev på mobilen.
Til sidst talte vi om emner til det næste møde og andet møde blev skabt.
2nd meeting
There are a lot of aspects then we are talking about health and well-being of a child.
At the last meeting one of the baby-sitters said that if you don´t have health it is impossible to create a positive development, and we think that was a very important issue.
We were therefore very glad for the comment and were eager to take up this issue as the next subject.
In the following we will touch the psychological and physical aspects in health and well-being with the subjects: hygiene, physical activity, diet and Interaction.
Hygiejne
Begin with say hallo and give the hands, where there are nutella on.
You have to wait a little bit, before you can go and wash your hands.
First I want to tell you about germs. We can not see Germs, but they are every were. This is important to remember in the daily care of the children.
You probably wonder why I was saying hallo to you, with nutella on my hand?
We can not see germs, but we can see nutella.
I was saying hallo to you to show you, how the germs walks from one person to another, when you not washing your hands often.
This is the same thing what happens when you not are washing your hands after every diaper change. The germs will walks from one child to another.
Let us say, that the first child have diarre, the second child will now get the diarre germs. Soon will the second child also have diarre.
Gloves are helping you not to get germs on your hands. Gloves are good, because you are not giving germs from you to the child….But gloves are only god if they are used ones. Otherwise germs will still walk from child to child.
Now you can go and wash your hands and come back again.
Another thing what are not good hygiene, is to let the children eat, while they are sitting on the pot.
I do not thing what any of you are sitting on the rest room, while you are eaten?
Personal, I don’t like the scent of food and the smell of stools mixed together and I don’t think that the children like it either.
So what can we do to raise the hygiene in the daily care of the children? We can daily check if the children needs to get theirs nails clipped, or if their hair need to get comb. Maybe their neck needs to be cleaned after they have thrown milk up. Or simply wash the children face, if they have milk around their mouth or pus in their eyes.
It is important to change the children’s clothes if it is wet. The same is it to change the bedding if that is wet. This because it isn’t nice or healthy to lie on some clothes what are wet and maybe smells. Plus it affects your skin condition.
You and I don’t like to go around in wet clothes or lay in wet bedding. So that does the children probably either.
Us, who works with children, shall often think, if I don’t like it, so does the child either.
To raise the hygiene, it is important to teach the children, to wash their hands often. On that way the germs will not walk so much from one person to another and sickness will reduces.
The department of health recommends opening of the window in the rooms in 10 to 20 minutes every day.
This, to get old air out and get fresh air in. Fresh air, are good for the power of concentration and are good to remove the smell of stools.
At the same time, fresh air, in the room, are good for children with asthma problems or dust allergy, because the air will become fresh.
It is healthy for all human being to get fresh air every day. Therefore is it good to get out and maybe find a game you can play. At that way it will be fun to be outside.
It is important for the health, to clean the rooms often. This because, the children are very good at find dust and put it into their mounts. This will get more sickness. To clean the rooms often, will be a big help for children with dust allergy. At the same time is it also much nicer to live and work in a place what are clean.
Physical activity
Physical activity is an essential part of the life of every human-being.
The department of health recommends that every adult is physically active at least ½ an hour per day – For a child they recommend 1 hour daily.
Physical activity will make the child´s co-ordination good and their abilities to move will be higher.
They will be better at lifting their head and to move around, so their body is stronger.
If you move a lot your appetite will become higher, so it also has a good effect on that issue Mette will tell us about later.
How we can do is in the everyday life is to make sure that the children gets down from their bets so it is easier for them to move around.
It is also a motivation factor for them to move more and explore the world, when they see things they are not used to see.
They will get curious and will therefore move more + they will have more space to move on.
We can also help the children to become stronger by calmly moving their legs – After some time you can feel that they start to push with their legs, which is a good exercise for them.
Stimulation of the body is also very important and will among other things improve the children´s blood circulation.
You can do this by massaging the body or just calmly caress the back and so on – This can also make the child feel save.
Nutrition
All people need food. It is necessary for us to live. Without food, would we die.
Too children are the food also important so their muscles can grow and they can become strong. Food helps to create surplus, curiosity and concentration to explore the world.
It is important for the children, what we, as their care taker, create a nice atmosphere in the food situation. For the infants it is important because in that situation you often can get a good eye-contact. For the older children is it important, because in many culture is it, to eat a social situation, there people are together.
But it is also important that the children get something to drink while and after they had eaten. Drink helps to clean the gullet for food and gives at that way free space to more food.
Again…- We know this form ourselves. We are also drinking while and after we eaten.
If the children get the offer to drink many times at day, the chance too dehydrating will be reduced.
Interaction
Interaction between humans is also an essential aspect when we are talking health and well-being.
In the following I will explain about separation from a child and its primary caretaker and the consequences it can have.
The children at Kids Care are orphans, which means that they in some point in their life has experienced a terrible loss – The most terrible experience in the life of a child is to lose its parents.
A lot of theorists have done research in how a child reacts when it is exposed to separation from their parents – The observations show that these children often suffer from severe psychological and physical problems.
In the following I will explain these reactions in 3 phases – The children can react on separation from their parents in many different ways but investigation has shown that the following 3 phases are the most frequent – The phases are first protest, then despair and then emotional detachment.
· In the protest-phase the child expresses its anxiety to lose the mother. The protest-reaction is the result of that the child can´t reach the mother – She is gone! The child will in this period react with heavy cry and will actively try to find its caregiver.
· The second phase is influenced will despair. The child seems calmer – Seems easier to handle, but it also seems like it has no emotions. The child is withdrawing from the world and the symptoms are often miswell-being, weight loss, sleeplessness and the children have a tendency to catch the cold easier.
· The third phase is the emotional detachment and is very serious. The child is withdrawing even more from the world and they often get this glasslike look in their eyes. The child is seeking for a new person to get attached to and if that command isn´t greeted and the need of the child isn´t taking care of, the child can suffer from severe emotional issues in their life to come.
A child is born with potential and competences, but it needs a world to relate to, so these can become a reality. That is why the development of the child and the function of the caretaker are in separate elements.
Exercise – Do we know children who have these symptoms? It is important that we share our observations, so we can help the children in the best possible way.
Thank you, to you all, because you have listened to us.
What do you think about this meeting?
Have you learned something? …What?
Did you get surprised?
Maria and I will say thank you, for the time we have worked together at Kids Care. We have really liked to work together with you and, thanks to you, have we learned a lot about Ethiopian culture.
Now are we soon flying back to Denmark, but our thoughts will often go to you and all the good memories, we have here from Kids Care, together with you.
Forløb: Vi havde igen valgt en visuel effekt, I form af nutella på hånden, der skulle indikere bakterier. Dette blev ligeledes modtaget forskelligt – Nogle lod som ingenting, andre protesterede og nogle grinede højtlydt. Vi oplevede metoden som en god måde at fange opmærksomheden på og da vi begyndte på det seriøse oplæg, kunne vi se at de flere gange skævede ned på hånden. Mange af plejerne sagde, at de aldrig havde tænkt på at bakterierne vandrer således. Emnerne hygiejne og sundhed blev valgt på baggrund af en plejers udtagelse om; uden sundhed kan man ikke skabe en sund udvikling. Hun efterlyste derfor mere faglig viden vedr. disse emner. Dermed mente vi også, at fysisk aktivitet og kost ville være relevante. Sociale relationer er ligeledes et essentielt aspekt, når vi taler sundhed og trivsel og emnet vedr. separation følte vi var yderst relevant, da børnene på børnehjemmet har oplevet hvad dette svigt medfører.
Konklusion
Vi oplevede, at både plejere såvel som ledelse tog rigtig godt imod initiativet. Plejerne efterlyste ofte hvornår næste møde ville komme og ledelsen bad om at få møderne på skrift, så de kunne blive oversat til amharisk og bruges ved nyansættelser. En af plejerne sagde, at hun havde forventet uddannelse som dette i oplæringsperioden. Vi oplevede ligeledes en lyst til at vide mere. Dette i og med at de bad os om, at uddybe nogle af emnerne, samt at de kom med ideer til nye emner. Vi opnåede dermed et fælles tredje og skabte en gensidig dialog, hvor der var rum for at alle kunne komme på banen. Vi oplevede en stor forskel på møderne – Nogle gange var plejerne meget åbne og andre gange virkede de tilbageholdende. Sidste nævnte var ofte hvis lederen af Kids Care var til stede, så understregede atter engang autoritetstroen i Etiopien.
En ting vi kan undre os over, er det, at overplejeren aldrig hørte vores oplæg, selvom vi spurgte mange gange. Vi mener, at hun som bindeleddet mellem ledelsen og folket på gulvet, var den som kunne have haft meget udbytte af at høre det. Hun kunne have fulgt op på teorien i dagligdagspraksissen – Som det ser ud nu, kan plejerne komme og snakke om noget, som hun ikke ved noget om. Hun burde vide, hvad der rør sig i huset som en af de første.
Til det første møde tog plejerne papir og pen frem i starten, hvilket overraskede os meget i en positiv retning. Vi følte, at vi blev taget seriøst, samt at vi havde noget at give ud af.
Det var en stor overvindelse for os at skulle undervise andre voksne mennesker. En ting er at skulle undervise på sit modersprog, men en anden ting er at skulle undervise på engelsk. Derefter skulle dette så oversættes til et helt tredje sprog og resultatet kunne desværre være, at noget kunne gå tabt i oversættelsen. Vi lærte, at være omstillingsparate, da vi aldrig kunne vide hvornår eller hvor møderne skulle holdes, hvilket fik os til at tro på vores egen viden, samt at fremlægge i en forsamling.
Dermed mener vi, at Etiopien har medvirket til at ruste os som kommende pædagoger.